As a maker all-electric freeway commuter cars, Green Vehicles, Inc. works with leading-edge battery technology companies to power its electric vehicles. In this case Leyden Energy, Green Vehicles’ battery technology partner, was applying for a US Department of Energy (DOE) grant under the Vehicle Technologies Program. Green Vehicles was named as a sub-awardee for portions of the grant’s technology development that would occur within Green Vehicles. Such cases require the subawardee to contribute to the grant process as well.